Starlink in West Africa: Between digital revolution and regulatory challenges

In West Africa's digital landscape, the triumphant arrival of StarlinkThe satellite-based internet network, driven by the futuristic visions of Elon Musk, has met with a mixed reception. The deployment of this satellite-based internet network, promising a revolution in broadband access, has raised both hopes and reservations.

With its constellation of low-earth orbit satellites, Starlink aims to spread its web across the African continent, promising a new era of hyper-connectivity. Nations such as Rwanda, Benin, Kenya and Nigeria have already forged links with Musk's company, envisaging a more connected future. However, this expansion is not without controversy. Regulators in Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Mali are threatening to impose sanctions on those who venture to use this service, which is still elusive in the regulatory net.

Recent official communications from Côte d'Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Mali paint a picture of defiance, warning against the importation, marketing and use of Starlink equipment deemed "illegal". Offenders face severe reprimands and even criminal penalties.

In Niger, the attraction of Starlink kits, although expensive, knows no borders, arousing growing interest even beyond the countries where the service is officially deployed. This craze has led to marketing outside the regulatory framework, raising legal issues.

Beyond the opportunities, it is security concerns that dominate the debate. The authorities, who view this out-of-control technology with suspicion, are alarmed at the risks it could pose, particularly by facilitating the activities of armed groups. However, a wind of openness is also blowing, with some countries demonstrating their willingness to engage in dialogue to provide a legal framework for the use of these advanced technologies.

Ghana, after initially resisting, illustrates this shift by now considering an agreement with Starlink, in the hope of overcoming the vagaries of its internet network. This story illustrates the complexity of integrating technological innovations into existing regulatory frameworks, and the sometimes winding road to acceptance and adoption.